Phung

Bulgaria is a small country, so small in fact that it is half the size of the united Kingdom and has a population of only seven and a half million, even less than the United Kingdoms capital city, London.

Due to its small size one secret Bulgaria does hold is the geological features that make its beautiful landscape. From glacial lakes and high mountains to flowing river and large forests Bulgaria has every geological feature you can think of.

Bulgarian Mountains

There are many mountain ranges in Bulgaria, some of which have some of the highest peaks in Europe. These wonderful mountain ranges carry a lot of respect in Bulgarian folklore as they hold a lot of Bulgarian history as well as being the source of most of Bulgarias rivers.

Bulgarian Rivers

The rivers of Bulgaria come in many shapes and sizes, from small stream like rivers to vast, wide, fast flowing river, all of Bulgarias rivers are important to the history of this wonderful country.

Flowing from deep within the Bulgarian mountains many of Bulgarias rivers harboured early Thracian settlements during ancient times that can be seen today in cities such as Plovdiv that stands on the banks of the great river Maritsa.

Bulgarian Forests

The forests of Bulgaria are normally made of pine and sit on the slopes of Bulgarias mountain ranges, these huge forests that go on for as far as the eye can see hold some of the most beautiful animals nature has to offer.

Within Bulgarias forests you can find wild boar and bears among other animals like deer, wild cats and wolves. The forests of Bulgaria truly are a haven of animals that are becoming extinct elsewhere.

Summary

The geology of Bulgaria is more diverse than some countries three or four times its size, and Bulgaria also has more species of animals that most countries can care to count. This makes Bulgaria a beautiful country in all respects.

http://infobulgariaguide.com is a great guide to everything you need to know about any Bulgarian mountain range and other geological features in this beautiful country.

So have you finally have given up on hand watering and want a in-ground system? Designing a sprinkler system may be easier than you think.

In this short tutorial you will learn how to create a simple garden plan and then estimate how much conduit and sprinkler heads you will need for your project.

Plotting your garden area
First, find a some graph paper. If you don't have any you can Google "printable graph paper" and print the example images. Depending on the size of your yard, establish the scale by referring to each square as 2 or more feet. (see our printable graph paper to skip this step)

Next, you will want to measure and draw your house and patio areas. Be sure to include side walks and other obstructions like trees and garden borders as well.

Locating your water source
Once you have define these areas and your garden boundary you will need to locate your water source. For this DIY project we will be using your outside spigot as the water source. Locate these on your plan with an "X".

Choosing a sprinkler head
Now we will need to decide on what kind of sprinkler head to use. In this tutorial we have selected Rotors for our project. These are a rotating gear driven heads and are a great choice for large lawn areas.

Rotor heads silently spray a water stream out to an average distance of 20 feet. They will minimize the amount of conduit required for you project.

Creating spray templates
Next, we will create a spray template. On a separate piece of graph paper draw 4 circles with a diameter (width of the circle) measuring 40 feet. Then cut each circle out with a pair of scissors. (note: see our predrawn sprinkler templates to skip this step)

Then we need to cut one of the sprays in half and another in quarters for smaller areas. Since our Rotors allow adjustable spray angles we can keep certain areas dry by simply spraying outward.

Tracing your spray patterns
Start with areas like the edge of house, patios or edge of street and use the half circles. With the spray templates simply trace around them using a pencil.

Each spray pattern should overlap at least 30% to ensure no areas in your lawn or garden will become dry. Once all half circles are drawn, fill in middle areas with full sprays and quarter spays where needed.

Defining your watering zones
Lastly, we need to draw in the conduit and create watering zones. Starting at your spigot, draw a gradual curve from one head to the next, making sure your conduit never overlaps. Be sure to avoid tight turns in your design.

For this tutorial we will use 3 heads for each zone. By connecting a series of 3 heads together you are establishing one watering zone. Repeat this process to the remaining heads on your plan.

Checking your Psi and Gpm
You will also want to check your Psi and GPM levels. A call to your water company will give you a good idea of how good your water coverage will be.

Other methods include using a pressure gauge (it easily attaches to your faucet) and a gallon bucket (For example if it takes 7 seconds to fill a gallon bucket then divided 60 by 7 .. or 8.6 GPM)

In Conclusion
We hope this tutorial has given you a better understanding about DIY Sprinkler Irrigation Design and Planning. You may have discovered that planning for a sprinkler system is much easier than you had originally thought.

Written by Erik Zetterberg

Erik is the webmaster of http://www.lawnbeltusa.com - a Sprinkler Site for the DIYer.